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Produktbild: Developments in Electrochemistry

Developments in Electrochemistry Science Inspired by Martin Fleischmann

123,99 €

inkl. gesetzl. MwSt., Versandkostenfrei

Beschreibung

Produktdetails

Einband

Gebundene Ausgabe

Erscheinungsdatum

11.08.2014

Herausgeber

Derek Pletcher + weitere

Verlag

John Wiley & Sons

Seitenzahl

392

Maße (L/B/H)

24,6/16,8/2,3 cm

Gewicht

896 g

Auflage

1. Auflage

Sprache

Englisch

ISBN

978-1-118-69443-5

Beschreibung

Produktdetails

Einband

Gebundene Ausgabe

Erscheinungsdatum

11.08.2014

Herausgeber

Verlag

John Wiley & Sons

Seitenzahl

392

Maße (L/B/H)

24,6/16,8/2,3 cm

Gewicht

896 g

Auflage

1. Auflage

Sprache

Englisch

ISBN

978-1-118-69443-5

Herstelleradresse

Produktsicherheitsverantwortliche/r
Europaallee 1
36244 Bad Hersfeld
DE

Email: gpsr@libri.de

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  • Produktbild: Developments in Electrochemistry
  • List of Contributors xiii

    1 Martin Fleischmann - The Scientist and the Person 1

    2 A Critical Review of the Methods Available for Quantitative Evaluation of Electrode Kinetics at Stationary Macrodisk Electrodes 21
    Alan M. Bond, Elena A. Mashkina and Alexandr N. Simonov

    2.1 DC Cyclic Voltammetry 23

    2.1.1 Principles 23

    2.1.2 Processing DC Cyclic Voltammetric Data 26

    2.1.3 Semiintegration 29

    2.2 AC Voltammetry 32

    2.2.1 Advanced Methods of Theory-Experiment Comparison 35

    2.3 Experimental Studies 36

    2.3.1 Reduction of [Ru(NH3)6]3+ in an Aqueous Medium 36

    2.3.2 Oxidation of FeII(C5H5)2 in an Aprotic Solvent 40

    2.3.3 Reduction of [Fe(CN)6]3. in an Aqueous Electrolyte 42

    2.4 Conclusions and Outlook 43

    References 45

    3 Electrocrystallization: Modeling and Its Application 49
    Morteza Y. Abyaneh

    3.1 Modeling Electrocrystallization Processes 53

    3.2 Applications of Models 56

    3.2.1 The Deposition of Lead Dioxide 58

    3.2.2 The Electrocrystallization of Cobalt 60

    3.3 Summary and Conclusions 61

    References 63

    4 Nucleation and Growth of New Phases on Electrode Surfaces 65
    Benjamin R. Scharifker and Jorge Mostany

    4.1 An Overview of Martin Fleischmann's Contributions to Electrochemical Nucleation Studies 66

    4.2 Electrochemical Nucleation with Diffusion-Controlled Growth 67

    4.3 Mathematical Modeling of Nucleation and Growth Processes 68

    4.4 The Nature of Active Sites 69

    4.5 Induction Times and the Onset of Electrochemical Phase Formation Processes 71

    4.6 Conclusion 72

    References 72

    5 Organic Electrosynthesis 77
    Derek Pletcher

    5.1 Indirect Electrolysis 79

    5.2 Intermediates for Families of Reactions 80

    5.3 Selective Fluorination 84

    5.4 Two-Phase Electrolysis 85

    5.5 Electrode Materials 87

    5.6 Towards Pharmaceutical Products 88

    5.7 Future Prospects 90

    References 91

    6 Electrochemical Engineering and Cell Design 95
    Frank C. Walsh and Derek Pletcher

    6.1 Principles of Electrochemical Reactor Design 96

    6.1.1 Cell Potential 96

    6.1.2 The Rate of Chemical Change 97

    6.2 Decisions During the Process of Cell Design 98

    6.2.1 Strategic Decisions 98

    6.2.2 Divided and Undivided Cells 98

    6.2.3 Monopolar and Bipolar Electrical Connections to Electrodes 99

    6.2.4 Scaling the Cell Current 100

    6.2.5 Porous 3D Electrode Structures 100

    6.2.6 Interelectrode Gap 101

    6.3 The Influence of Electrochemical Engineering on the Chlor-Alkali Industry 102

    6.4 Parallel Plate Cells 105

    6.5 Redox Flow Batteries 106

    6.6 Rotating Cylinder Electrode Cells 107

    6.7 Conclusions 108

    References 109

    7 Electrochemical Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (EC-SERS): Early History, Principles, Methods, and Experiments 113
    Zhong-Qun Tian and Xue-Min Zhang

    7.1 Early History of Electrochemical Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy 116

    7.2 Principles and Methods of SERS 117

    7.2.1 Electromagnetic Enhancement of SERS 118

    7.2.2 Key Factors Influencing SERS 119

    7.2.3 "Borrowing SERS Activity" Methods 121

    7.2.4 Shell-Isolated Nanoparticle-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy 123

    7.3 Features of EC-SERS 124

    7.3.1 Electrochemical Double Layer of EC-SERS Systems 124

    7.3.2 Electrolyte Solutions and Solvent Dependency 125

    7.4 EC-SERS Experiments 125

    7.4.1 Measurement Procedures for EC-SERS 125

    7.4.2 Experimental Set-Up for EC-SERS 127

    7.4.3 Preparation of SERS Substrates 128

    Acknowledgments 131

    References 131

    8 Applications of Electrochemical Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (EC-SERS) 137
    Marco Musiani, Jun-Yang Liu and Zhong-Qun Tian

    8.1 Pyridine Adsorption on Different Metal Surfaces 138

    8.2 Interfacial Water on Different Metals 141

    8.3 Coadsorption of Thiourea with Inorganic Anions 143

    8.4 Electroplating Additives 146

    8.5 Inhibition of Copper Corrosion 147

    8.6 Extension of SERS to the Corrosion of Fe and Its Alloys: Passivity 149

    8.6.1 Fe-on-Ag 150

    8.6.2 Ag-on-Fe 150

    8.7 SERS of Corrosion Inhibitors on Bare Transition Metal Electrodes 150

    8.8 Lithium Batteries 152

    8.9 Intermediates of Electrocatalysis 154

    Acknowledgments 156

    References 156

    9 In-Situ Scanning Probe Microscopies: Imaging and Beyond 163
    Bing-Wei Mao

    9.1 Principle of In-Situ STM and In-Situ AFM 164

    9.1.1 Principle of In-Situ STM 164

    9.1.2 Principle of In-Situ AFM 166

    9.2 In-Situ STM Characterization of Surface Electrochemical Processes 167

    9.2.1 In-Situ STM Study of Electrode-Aqueous Solution Interfaces 167

    9.2.2 In-Situ STM Study of Electrode-Ionic Liquid Interface 167

    9.3 In-Situ AFM Probing of Electric Double Layer 170

    9.4 Electrochemical STM Break-Junction for Surface Nanostructuring and Nanoelectronics and Molecular Electronics 173

    9.5 Outlook 176

    References 177

    10 In-Situ Infrared Spectroelectrochemical Studies of the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction 183
    Richard J. Nichols

    10.1 The H+/H2 Couple 183

    10.2 Single-Crystal Surfaces 184

    10.3 Subtractively Normalized Interfacial Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy 186

    10.4 Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy 189

    10.5 Surface-Enhanced IR Absorption Spectroscopy 190

    10.6 In-Situ Sum Frequency Generation Spectroscopy 193

    10.7 Spectroscopy at Single-Crystal Surfaces 194

    10.8 Overall Conclusions 197

    References 198

    11 Electrochemical Noise: A Powerful General Tool 201
    Claude Gabrielli and David E. Williams

    11.1 Instrumentation 202

    11.2 Applications 204

    11.2.1 Elementary Phenomena 204

    11.2.2 Bioelectrochemistry 205

    11.2.3 Electrocrystallization 207

    11.2.4 Corrosion 209

    11.2.5 Other Systems 215

    11.3 Conclusions 217

    References 217

    12 From Microelectrodes to Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy 223
    Salvatore Daniele and Guy Denuault

    12.1 The Contribution of Microelectrodes to Electroanalytical Chemistry 224

    12.1.1 Advantages of Microelectrodes in Electroanalysis 224

    12.1.2 Microelectrodes and Electrode Materials 226

    12.1.3 New Applications of Microelectrodes in Electroanalysis 227

    12.2 Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy (SECM) 230

    12.2.1 A Brief History of SECM 230

    12.2.2 SECM with Other Techniques 231

    12.2.3 Tip Geometries and the Need for Numerical Modeling 233

    12.2.4 Applications of SECM 234

    12.3 Conclusions 235

    References 235

    13 Cold Fusion After A Quarter-Century: The Pd/D System 245
    Melvin H. Miles and Michael C.H. McKubre

    13.1 The Reproducibility Issue 247

    13.2 Palladium-Deuterium Loading 247

    13.3 Electrochemical Calorimetry 249

    13.4 Isoperibolic Calorimetric Equations and Modeling 250

    13.5 Calorimetric Approximations 251

    13.6 Numerical Integration of Calorimetric Data 252

    13.7 Examples of Fleischmann's Calorimetric Applications 254

    13.8 Reported Reaction Products for the Pd/D System 256

    13.8.1 Helium-4 256

    13.8.2 Tritium 256

    13.8.3 Neutrons, X-Rays, and Transmutations 257

    13.9 Present Status of Cold Fusion 257

    Acknowledgments 258

    References 258

    14 In-Situ X-Ray Diffraction of Electrode Surface Structure 261
    Andrea E. Russell, Stephen W.T. Price and Stephen J. Thompson

    14.1 Early Work 262

    14.2 Synchrotron-Based In-Situ XRD 264

    14.3 Studies Inspired by Martin Fleischmann's Work 266

    14.3.1 Structure of Water at the Interface 266

    14.3.2 Adsorption of Ions 268

    14.3.3 Oxide/Hydroxide Formation 268

    14.3.4 Underpotential Deposition (upd) of Monolayers 270

    14.3.5 Reconstructions of Single-Crystal Surfaces 275

    14.3.6 High-Surface-Area Electrode Structures 275

    14.4 Conclusions 277

    References 277

    15 Tribocorrosion 281
    Robert J.K. Wood

    15.1 Introduction and Definitions 281

    15.1.1 Tribocorrosion 282

    15.1.2 Erosion 282

    15.2 Particle-Surface Interactions 283

    15.3 Depassivation and Repassivation Kinetics 283

    15.3.1 Depassivation 284

    15.3.2 Repassivation Rate 286

    15.4 Models and Mapping 287

    15.5 Electrochemical Monitoring of Erosion-Corrosion 290

    15.6 Tribocorrosion within the Body: Metal-on-Metal Hip Joints 291

    15.7 Conclusions 293

    Acknowledgments 293

    References 293

    16 Hard Science at Soft Interfaces 295
    Hubert H. Girault

    16.1 Charge Transfer Reactions at Soft Interfaces 295

    16.1.1 Ion Transfer Reactions 296

    16.1.2 Assisted Ion Transfer Reactions 298

    16.1.3 Electron Transfer Reactions 299

    16.2 Electrocatalysis at Soft Interfaces 300

    16.2.1 Oxygen Reduction Reaction (ORR) 301

    16.2.2 Hydrogen Evolution Reaction (HER) 302

    16.3 Micro- and Nano-Soft Interfaces 304

    16.4 Plasmonics at Soft Interfaces 305

    16.5 Conclusions and Future Developments 305

    References 307

    17 Electrochemistry in Unusual Fluids 309
    Philip N. Bartlett

    17.1 Electrochemistry in Plasmas 310

    17.2 Electrochemistry in Supercritical Fluids 314

    17.2.1 Applications of SCF Electrochemistry 321

    17.3 Conclusions 325

    Acknowledgments 325

    References 325

    18 Aspects of Light-Driven Water Splitting 331
    Laurence Peter

    18.1 A Very Brief History of Semiconductor Electrochemistry 332

    18.2 Thermodynamic and Kinetic Criteria for Light-Driven Water Splitting 334

    18.3 Kinetics of Minority Carrier Reactions at Semiconductor Electrodes 336

    18.4 The Importance of Electron-Hole Recombination 338

    18.5 Fermi Level Splitting in the Semiconductor-Electrolyte Junction 339

    18.6 A Simple Model for Light-Driven Water-Splitting Reaction 341

    18.7 Evidence for Slow Electron Transfer During Light-Driven Water Splitting 343

    18.8 Conclusions 345

    Acknowledgments 345

    References 346

    19 Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy 349
    Samin Sharifi-Asl and Digby D. Macdonald

    19.1 Theory 350

    19.2 The Point Defect Model 350

    19.2.1 Calculation of Y0F 355

    19.2.2 Calculation of DeltaC0 i DeltaU 355

    19.2.3 Calculation of DeltaCL v DeltaU 356

    19.3 The Passivation of Copper in Sulfide-Containing Brine 357

    19.4 Summary and Conclusions 363

    Acknowledgments 363

    References 363

    Index 367