Notes on Contributors ix
1 Asian Englishes Today 1
Kingsley Bolton, Werner Botha, and Andy Kirkpatrick
Part I The History and Development of Asian Englishes 13
2 Asia before English 15
Alexander R. Coupe and Frantiek Kratochvíl
3 The Statistics of English across Asia 49
Kingsley Bolton and John Bacon-Shone
4 English and Language Policies in East and Southeast Asia 81
Andy Kirkpatrick and Anthony J. Liddicoat
5 English in Asian Schools 107
Ee-Ling Low
6 English in Asian Universities 133
Kingsley Bolton and Werner Botha
7 The Features of Asian Englishes: Morphosyntax 169
Werner Botha and Tobias Bernaisch
8 The Features of Asian Englishes: Phonology 189
Ishamina Athirah Gardiner and David Deterding
9 The Lexicography of Asian Englishes 209
James Lambert
Part II English in Outer Circle Asian Societies 241
10 Indian English 243
S. N. Sridhar
11 Pakistani English 279
Tariq Rahman
12 Bangladeshi English 297
M. Obaidul Hamid and MD. Mahmudul Hasan
13 Nepali English 317
Ram Ashish Giri
14 Sri Lankan English 337
Tanya N. I. Ekanayaka
15 Myanmar English 355
Khin Khin Aye
16 Malaysian English 373
Azirah Hashim
17 Brunei English 399
James Mclellan
18 Singapore English 419
Francesco Cavallaro, Bee Chin Ng, and Ying-Ying Tan
19 Hong Kong English 449
Kingsley Bolton, John Bacon-Shone, and Kang Kwong Luke
20 Philippine English 479
Isabel Pefianco Martin
Part III English in Expanding Circle Asian Societies 501
21 English in China 503
Kingsley Bolton, Werner Botha, and Wei Zhang
22 English in Macau 529
Werner Botha and Andrew Moody
23 English in Taiwan 547
Peter Iori Kobayashi
24 English in Japan 569
Philip Seargeant
25 English in Korea 585
Jamie Shinhee Lee
26 English in Indonesia 605
Allan F. Lauder
27 English in Thailand 629
Sawitri Pechapan-Hammond
28 English in Cambodia 649
phen H. Moore and Suksiri Bounchan
29 English in Laos 667
Lynda Achren and Daravone Kittiphanh
30 English in Vietnam 683
Peter Sundkvist and Xuan Nhat Chi Mai Nguyen
Part IV New Frontiers of Research 705
31 Globalization and Asian Englishes 707
Mario Saraceni
32 English as an ASEAN Lingua Franca 725
Andy Kirkpatrick
33 Corpus Linguistics and Asian Englishes 741
Joybrato Mukherjee and Tobias Bernaisch
34 English in Asian Popular Culture 763
Andrew Moody
35 Asian Literatures in English 787
Shirley Geok-Lin Lim, Christopher B. Patterson, Y-Dang Troeung, and Weihsin Gui
36 English and Asian Religions 813
Phyllis Ghim-Lian Chew
37 English in Asian Linguistic Landscapes 833
Kingsley Bolton, Werner Botha, and Siu-Lun Lee
38 English in Asian Legal Systems 863
Richard Powell
Index 887
