Improving National Education Systems After COVID-19 Moving Forward After PIRLS 2021 and PISA 2022

Nuno Crato, research professor at Cemapre, University of Lisbon, Portugal and head of the educational program Iniciativa Educação, Portugal. From 2011 to 2015 he was Portuguese Minister of Education and Science, and during this period student results have sharply risen in international assessments. His recent publications include his edited Improving a Country’s Education: PISA 2018 Results in 10 Countries, Springer 2021.

Harry Anthony Patrinos is the Senior Adviser, Education, at the World Bank. He specializes in the economics of education, especially school-based management, demand-side financing, and public-private partnerships. Previously, he managed education teams in Europe and Central Asia, East Asia and the Pacific, Middle East and North Africa, and the Global Unit.