Preface xvii
1 Solar Thermal Technology - A Brief 1
Paramjeet Singh Paliyal and Surajit Mondal
2 Introduction to Digital Twin Technology 7
Sanidhya Sarthak
2.1 Introduction to Digital Twin Technology 8
2.2 Core Components of Digital Twin Technology 8
2.3 Solar Concentrator Types 12
2.4 Digital Twin for Solar Concentrators 16
2.5 Digital Twin Applications by Concentrator Type 18
2.6 Optimization Strategies 21
2.7 Real-World Case Studies 22
2.8 Mathematical Models and Equations 24
2.9 Future Directions and Challenges 25
2.10 Conclusion 26
3 Solar Concentrators: A Study Pertaining to Advancements and Challenges in the Current Scenario 29
Deepak Singh Karki and Vinita Sirala
3.1 Introduction 30
3.2 Classification of Solar Concentrators 31
3.3 Recent Advancements in Solar Concentrator Technology 35
3.4 Conclusion 40
3.5 Future Scope 41
4 Basics of Solar Concentrators 43
Ayushman Srivastav, Rajesh Maithani and Sachin Sharma
4.1 Introduction 43
4.2 Principles of Solar Concentration 44
4.3 Types of Solar Concentrators 49
4.4 Advanced Configurations: Multi-Surface and Multi-Element Combinations 53
4.5 Applications and Advantages of Solar Concentrators 54
4.6 Challenges and Considerations 55
4.7 Future Prospects 56
4.8 Conclusion 56
5 Solar Scheffler Concentrators: The Future of Sustainable Cooking 59
Amit Kumar, Ashish Karn and Varun Pratap Singh
5.1 Introduction 60
5.2 Solar Scheffler Concentrator 62
5.3 Cooking with Solar Scheffler Concentrator 65
5.4 Case Studies on Scheffler Dish-Based Solar Cooking Systems 67
5.5 Results and Discussion 69
5.6 Conclusion 71
6 Digital Twin-Based Real-Time Solar Concentrator Control and Monitoring System 75
Aruna Pant and Adesh Kumar
6.1 Introduction 76
6.2 The Digital Twin Concept 78
6.3 Elements of the System for Real-Time Control and Monitoring 80
6.4 Uses for Solar Concentrators 83
6.5 Cutting Edge Solar Concentration Technologies 85
6.6 Performance Evaluation 86
6.7 Conclusions 91
7 Environmental and Health Impacts of Utilizing Solar PV Panels 95
Ayushman Srivastav, Rajesh Maithani and Sachin Sharma
7.1 Energy and Resource-Intensive Manufacturing 99
7.2 Land Use and Habitat Displacement 102
7.3 Variability and Intermittency of Solar Energy 102
7.4 Mitigating Negative Environmental Impacts 105
7.5 Future Directions for Research and Development 108
7.6 Conclusion 108
8 Integration of IoT, AI, and Digital Twin Technology for Smart Solar Concentrators 113
Paramjeet Singh Paliyal and Surajit Mondal
8.1 Introduction 114
8.2 Fundamentals of Solar Concentrators 117
8.3 Digital Twin Technology: Concepts and Architecture 120
8.4 Integration Framework: IoT, AI, and Digital Twin in Solar Concentrators 126
8.5 Conclusion 132
9 A Digital Twin-Based NLP Chatbot for Self-Assessment and Psychoeducation of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder 137
Shweta Gupta, Adesh Kumar, Surajit Mondal, Niraj Kumar and Ompal
9.1 Introduction 138
9.2 Symptoms of OCD 139
9.3 Types of OCD 141
9.4 Causes of OCD 143
9.5 Treatment of OCD 144
9.6 Management 146
9.7 SELF Assessment of OCD 147
9.8 NLP Chatbot for Psychoeducation and Self-Assessment of OCD 150
9.9 Conclusions 153
10 FPGA Performance Analysis of LDPC Codes for Communication Systems 159
Aakanksha Devrari, Adesh Kumar and Amit Kumar
10.1 Introduction 160
10.2 Related Work 161
10.3 LDPC Codes 164
10.3.1 LDPC Encoder and Decoder 167
10.4 Hardware Architecture 168
10.5 Results and Discussion 170
10.6 Conclusions 173
11 Optimizing Renewable Energy Management with the Use of Digital Twin Technology: Insights from NICE China Energy 179
Supriya, Vriti Khandelwal, Kushagar Sharma, Vasu Sharma and Kashish Kalra
11.1 Introduction 180
11.2 Digital Twin in Energy Transmission and Transformation 185
11.3 Digital Twin in Renewable Energy Storage Systems 185
11.4 Advantages and Challenges of Digital Twin Technology 186
11.5 Case Study: Digital Twin Technology in Power Plant Optimization 187
11.6 Conclusion 189
12 Enhancing Solar PV Efficiency through a Digital Twin Framework and Machine Learning Models 193
Nitin Kumar, Rupendra Kumar Pachauri and Piyush Kuchhal
12.1 Introduction 194
12.2 Literature Review 195
12.3 Experimental Location and Methodology 196
12.4 Result and Discussion 199
12.5 Conclusion 202
13 Digital Twin-Enabled Solar Concentrators: A Cyber-Physical Approach to Intelligent Renewable Energy 207
Laxman Singh Rana, Lakhan Singh, Surabhi Chauhan, Kundan Singh and Deepak Singh Karki
13.1 Introduction 208
13.2 Fundamentals of Digital Twin Technology 208
13.3 Solar Concentrator Systems: An Overview 213
13.4 Digital Twin Architecture for Solar Concentrators 217
13.5 Applications of Digital Twins in Solar Concentrators 218
13.6 Case Studies 218
13.7 Challenges and Considerations 219
13.8 Future Outlook and Research Directions 219
13.9 Conclusion 220
14 Artificial Neural Networks for Solar Panel Tilt Angle Optimization: A Power Generation Analysis 221
Nitin Kumar, Rupendra Kumar Pachauri and Piyush Kuchhal
14.1 Introduction 222
14.2 ANN and Tilt Angle Relation with Latitude 224
14.3 The Process of Data Curation 226
14.4 Test Metric 228
14.5 Results and Discussion 229
15 Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence in Digital Twins 239
Sampath Emani and Gurunadh Velidi
15.1 Introduction to Digital Twins and Solar Concentrators 240
15.2 Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence Fundamentals in Digital Twins 245
15.3 State-of-the-Art AI Techniques in Solar Energy Systems 251
15.4 Current Trends in AI-Driven Digital Twins for Solar Concentrators 253
15.5 Modeling and Simulation Tools for AI in Digital Twins 259
15.6 Case Study 1 - Thermal Performance Prediction Using Deep Learning 264
15.7 Case Study 2 - Reinforcement Learning for Concentrator Tracking Control 270
15.8 Future Research Directions and Opportunities 275
15.9 Conclusions 276
16 Virtual Replicas for Real Impact: Improving Solar Asset Output Using Digital Twins 281
Supriya and Ashutosh Shukla
16.1 Introduction 282
16.2 Digital Twins in Solar Applications 285
16.3 Methods to Utilize a Digital Twin for Enhancing Solar Asset Performance 287
16.4 Conclusion 289
17 The Role of Digital Twins in Enhancing the Resilience and Sustainability of Renewable Energy Systems: A Systematic Review 293
Supriya, Yash Singhal and Vansh Joshi
17.1 Introduction 294
17.2 Related Work 299
17.3 Benefits of Digital Twins in Power Generation 300
17.4 Challenges in Digital Twin Implementation 301
17.5 Conclusion 302
18 Enhancing Renewable Energy Efficiency with Digital Twin Technology: Real-Time Monitoring and Predictive Maintenance 305
Supriya and Ashutosh Shukla
18.1 Introduction 306
18.2 Digital Twin in Energy Transmission and Transformation 310
18.3 Digital Twin in Renewable Energy Storage Systems 311
18.4 Advantages and Challenges of Digital Twin Technology 311
19 Solar Concentrators: Decarbonizing Our Future, Securing Our Energy 317
Surya Prakash Chauhan, Sachin Sharma and Rajesh Maithani
19.1 Introduction 318
19.2 Solar Concentrators 319
19.3 Role in Decarbonization 320
19.4 Advancements and Innovations 322
19.5 Challenges and Solutions 324
19.6 Conclusion and Future Perspective 325
References 326
Index 329
